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    Florida Pusley - is a summer annual found most often in warm season turfgrass areas. The leaves can be hairy and are grow opposite one another on hairy stems. The growth of Florida pusley in maintained turf areas is usually low and prostrate to the ground, forming thick patches. The growth can be erect with infrequent mowing. Florida pusley usually will not root at the nodes. The flowers are white and grow in clumps at the end of the stems. The flower is star shaped with six parts connected to form a tube. Florida pusley will flower anytime the temperature is above freezing.

    Yellow Foxtail - is a summer annual which germinates when soil temperatures reach 65 degrees F. The leaves are rolled in the bud. The ligule is a fringe of hairs, and the auricles are absent. The collar is narrow and continuous. The blades of yellow foxtail contain hairs near the ligule. The growth habit of yellow foxtail is erect. The seedhead is a bushy, erect spike which resembles the tail of a fox.

    Wild Onion and Wild Garlic - are both winter perennials. The leaves are waxy, upright and needle shaped growing 8-12 inches long. The leaves of wild garlic are hollow and round and have a strong odor. The leaves of wild onion are solid and flat and appear directly from the bulb. Both plants grow from underground bulbs. The membrane-coated bulbs of wild garlic are flattened on one side and have bulblets. Wild onion bulbs are white inside with a strong odor and are covered with a fibrous, scaly coat.

    Ground Ivy - is a creeping winter perennial. The leaves are round to kidney shaped with round toothed edges. The leaves are opposite on long petiole attached to square stems that root at the nodes. It is usually found in moist shaded areas, but also tolerate sun very well. Ground ivy will form dense mats which can take over areas of turfgrass. The flowers of ground ivy are blue to lavender and grow in clusters. It usually flowers in the spring. The flowers are funnel shaped and are located at the leaf axis or near the tip of the stem. Ground ivy spreads by stolons and sometimes by seed. Ground ivy closely resembles common mallow.

    Common Groundsel - is a winter annual member of the aster family. Groundsel has a taproot with a secondary fibrous root system. The sparsely hairy leaves are alternate on upright , many branched stems. The lower leaves are wavy margined to deeply lobed margins. Upper leaves are stemless and coarsely toothed to irregularly lobed. The flowers heads of common groundsel are composed of several yellow disk flowers. Common groundsel is a prolific seed producer. Seeds are produced within several weeks of groundsel germinating, resulting in several generations within the same year. Groundsel reproduces by seed.

    Hairy Bittercress - is a winter or summer annual depending on its location. It initially forms a basal rosette. The initial true leaves are heart shaped, followed by leaves which contain 2 - 4 alternating leaflets. The surface of the leaves is often hairy. Hairy bittercress forms stems that are smooth and erect, usually branched at the base with few leaves. Hairy bittercress spreads by seed. The seed capsule is up to 10 times longer than it is wide. The capsules will project the seeds when disturbed. Hairy bittercress can have multiple generations per year.

    Yellow and Orange Hawkweeds - The vegetative characteristics are similar, but the color of the flowers is different. Hawkweeds are winter perennials. Hawkweed grows from a basal rosette, forming patches from rhizomes and stolons. The leaves, stems and flower stalks are covered with hair. The leaves are oblong and club shaped. The margins of the hairy leaves are smooth. Hawkweed flowers resemble dandelions, but are smaller and appear several weeks after dandelions. The flowers form in clusters.

    Henbit - a member of the mint family, is an upright winter annual that blooms in the spring. The leaves are rounded on the end with rounded toothed edges that grow opposite one another on square stems Upper leaves lack petioles. Henbit can grow from 4 to 12 inches tall on weak stems. Although an upright plant, weak stems sprouting from the bottom may lay almost horizontal. Henbit can be confused with purple deadnettle. The leaves of purple deadnettle, however, are more pointed at the end and are slightly scalloped. The lower leaves of purple deadnettle are on long petioles, the upper leaves are on short petioles. The flowers of henbit are purple, tubular shaped and form in the whorls of the upper leaves. Henbit spreads only by seed and is generally not a problem in dense, vigorous turfgrass sites.

    Yellow Thistle - is a winter annual or sometimes a biannual. The initial leaves form in a rosette. The mature leaves contain large toothed and cut lobes. The mature leaves are very spiny. Yellow thistle spreads by seeds attached to tuffs of soft white hairs which help in the spreading of the seeds. The flowers are produced in the late spring and seeds are produced over the summer.

    Horsenettle - is a erect perennial weed. The leaves of horsenettle alternate on stems that contain spines. Horsenettle leaves range up to seven inches in length and 1 - 2 inches wide with wavy to coarsely lobed edges. The veins of the leaves as well as the petioles contains spines. Horsenettle spreads by rhizomes and seeds. The flowers of Horsenettle are purple to white in color and occur in clusters on spiny flower-stalks. The anthers of the flower are yellow. Flowers occur during the summer. The fruit is smooth globe shaped; the size of a marble. Fruits are light green in color with green coloring, but turn yellow at maturity.